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Voting Center Access
Metadata
Variable Definitions:
Voting Center Access: The percentage of residents that live within 1/2 mile of an official LA County voting center during the 2024 general election
Source:
Los Angeles County Registrar-Recorder/County Clerk
Years Available:
2024
Methodology Note:
Voting center data was made available by address. The research team added a 1/2 mile buffer surrounding each point, then overlaid the data with 2020 Census Tracts to spatially analyze what portion of each tract lies within proximity to the voting centers.
Why are these variables important to measure?
Beyond the primary purpose of a voting center—in-person voting—voting centers provide citizens with a range of services that make voting more accessible and straightforward. For example:
- Ballot drop-off boxes allow voters to skip long lines on election day
- in-person registration makes voting accessible to eligible voters who may be disabled, experience difficulty with online registration, or simply waited until the last minute to register
- early in-person voting allows voters flexibility if they may not have time-off from work or a means of transportation on Election Day
Voting centers are staffed with informed volunteers who provide the space and opportunity to ask vital questions and assist in the process. After applying and being accepted to the role, poll workers are tasked with opening, closing, and preparing the polling place, distributing and receiving ballots, protecting ballots and voting equipment, and assisting voters. In California, volunteers have to be ready to open polling stations at 7:00am, and while the polling center closes officially at 8:00pm, any person in line at the closing time is permitted to stay and vote, which can last several more hours. Long hours and critical responsibilities make working at a voting center a role for those fully dedicated to helping their community members exercise their civic duty.
The history and present of voting rights in the United States is rife with inequity. While literacy tests and official poll taxes were declared unconstitutional by the Voting Rights Act (1965) and Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections (1966), respectively, modern methods of voter suppression, from intimidation to inaccessibility, still play a major role in election turnouts. Access to voting can still largely be determined by voting rules decided by local and federal governments and, importantly, the locations of polling places and voting centers, which are decided by local County Election Officials. Distance to a polling station is a major consideration for many Americans and can be the ultimate determining factor in the decision not to participate in an election.
Citations:
Blais, A., Daoust, J.-F., Dassonneville, R., & Péloquin-Skulski, G. (2019). What is the cost of voting? Electoral Studies, 59, 145–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2019.02.011
Bellamy, M. (2023, August 29). The merits – and the rise – of vote centers. Voting Rights Lab. https://votingrightslab.org/2023/08/29/the-merits-and-the-rise-of-vote-centers/
California Secretary of State. (n.d.). Poll worker information. https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/poll-worker-information
California Secretary of State. (n.d.). County elections offices. https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/voting-resources/county-elections-offices
Haspel, M., & Knotts, H. G. (2005). Location, location, location: Precinct placement and the costs of voting. The Journal of Politics, 67(2), 560-573. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2508.2005.00329.x
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